Oil-burner.



S. G. HEMPHILL & H. V. WELGH.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.15, 1912.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Summer;

S. G. HEMPHILL 8; H. V. WELGH.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION IILBD MAR. 15, 1912. 1,Q48,31() Patented Dec. 24, 191.2.

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coLuMmA PLANUGRAPH LUUWASIHNOTON. D. c.

isl STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL C. HEMPHILL, 0F GARDEN CITY, AND HOWARD V. WELCH, OF MACKSVILLE, KANSAS; SAID WELCI-I ASSIGNOR T0 SAID HEMPHILL.

OIL-BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SAMUEL C. HEMP- HILL and HOWARD V. WELCH, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Garden City, in the county of Finney and State of Kansas, and at Macksville, in the county of Stafford and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an oil burner which will generate and burn gas from kerosene, or from a heavier and cheaper oil, known as gas oil.

The general object of our invention is to provide a generator and burner of simple construction which can be readily assembled, set up in a stove, and operated by an unskilled person.

A more particular object is to provide a generator and burner in which the gas, as generated, will be intimately mixed with air before ignition, so as to produce complete combustion, resulting in a blue and white flame, and to so spread the flame around the generator as to longer hold it in the stove, and at the same time admit to the spread flame an additional air supply.

Other objects and advantages of our generator and burner will appear in the detailed description in connection with the drawings.

The matter constituting our invention will be defined in the claims.

The details of construction are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a vertical section on the irregular line 11, Fig. 5. Fig. 2 represents an elevation of the detached gas generating chamber or retort. Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of the oil spreader or distributer. Fig. 4 represents a top plan view thereof. Fig. 5 represents a top plan view of thebase from which the generating retort has been removed. Fig. 6 represents a partial plan view of the flame spreader. Fig. 7 represents a section thereof on line 77, Fig. 6.

The base of our generator and burner, comprising the base extension B, the oil pan C and the central air-heating and distributing dome D, is preferably cast in one piece and the base extension B is connected to the bottom of the oil pan by four webs a as indicated in Figs. 1 and 5, so as to provide Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 15, 1912.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

Serial No. 684,043.

between such parts an annular air space or slot 6 about five-eighths of an inch wide, for supplying air to the flame above. The base extension consists of a flat top ring and a downwardly extending flange b to rest on a stove grate and provide an ample space between the grate and base for the circulation of'air. The oil pan C is dish-shaped and has a flaring circumferential wall to direct the air from slot b up into the issuing annular flame at the circular opening 0 between the upper edge of the pan and the lower curved wall of the generating retort E. lVith the oil pan is cast a central air heating and distributing dome D, open at the bottom to form an interior air chamber 00, and having a frusto-conical top provided with a central opening d for receiving the oil feed pipe L. The lower half of dome D is provided externally with a plurality of vertical spacing ribs (Z, of which six may be used as shown in Fig. 5. These ribs serve for spacing an extension E of the retort from the dome'to form an annular gas and air-mixing chamber 0 between them. This chamber also permits oil to flow down from the retort into the pan C when starting the burner. Near the top are made a circle of air outlet holes cl, opening into mixing chamber 0.

The oil vaporizing or gasifying retort E is preferably cast in the shape of a lantern globe and has a bottom circular extension E of less diameter, adapted to set in the oil pan, and the bottom edge is provided with a series of notches or grooves e for admitting oil to flow into the pan. In the upper part of the extension E are made a circle of holes a for the escape of mixed air and gas. It is to be noted that these holes a are below the air outlet holes (l, so

that air will be mixed with the gas in chamber 0 before ignition. The flame is spread by the curved bottom of the retort, and receives an additional supply of air from slot Z) at the annular opening 0. The upper part of the retort is drawn in as shown in Fig. 1, and the cylindrical top is screw-threaded at c for receiving a screw cap F,which has a squared projection f for application of a wrench. The retort is provided internally, a short distance below the top, and at about the junction of the cylindrical top with the inclined wall,

with an annular shoulder 9. Above this shoulder in the cylindrical top is placed an oil spreader or distributer H of thick metal, having a frusto-conical top it provided with a series of radial oil grooves h extending to the periphery, in which are made a series of vertical grooves h as extensions of grooves 72/. The spreader TI is provided with a central screw-threaded opening is for the oil feed pipe, and with a raised gas escape tube 71. In the bottom is made an annular groove extending into the peripheral grooves h, thereby forming bottom notches which open onto the shoulder g. The groove 70 prevents oil flowing along the bottom of the spreader H to the supply pipe. The central oil feed pipe L has a screw-threaded upper end Z and a screw-threaded portion Z below. In practice the pipe L extends outward below the base A and is provided with a needle valve, and a connection is made with an elevated oil tank in a well known manner.

Our generator-burner may be set up by placing the base A on the grate of a cooking or heating stove and setting the retort E in the oil pan C. A piece of one-quarter inch pipe L is screwed at Z into opening is of the spreader and the other end of the pipe is passed down through the retort and screwed into opening 6 in dome D until the spreader H rests on shoulder g. Another length of pipe is now connected to the lower end of pipe L and connection is made to an elevated tank in a well-known manner, one of the connections having a needle valve of known construction to regulate the flow of oil to the retort.

The flame spreader M is a flat ring, having at one edge a notch or recess m which is placed opposite the stove door to give access for lighting the burner. The ring is made thicker at this part as indicated at m in the cross section, Fig. 7, to prevent warping. The opening of the spreader is large enough to permit the spreader to rest on the inclined wall of the retort at the point w, about onethird the height of the retortabove the bottom, as shown in Fig. 1. This spreader serves to deflect the flame and hot products out against the walls of the stove and impart their heat thereto, instead of passing directly out into the stove pipe and be wasted, as would be the case without a heated the oil flowing down the wall is vaporized and burned, and when the lower part of the retort is heated to a dull red gas will be generated before the oil reaches the bottom of the retort and will fill'the interior space of the retort. The gas passes down into mixing chamber a where it is mixed with a regulated flow of hot air flowing from chamber w through holes d. The size of the chamber 00 and of the holes 0Z practically regulates the proportion of air which can be mixed with the gas. The holes 6 in extension E will be of suflicient number and size to accommodate the increased volume of mixed air and gas. The flame nearer to the burner is blue and farther out is clear white, indicating perfect combustion and no smoke. The secondary air supply from the annular slot 7), passing up the flaring wall of the oil pan meets the flame at the opening 0 and supplies suliicient oxygen to produce complete combustion. The flame and hot products of combustion passing up around the bottom of the retort will be spread by spreader M out to the walls of the stove and held. longer in the stove, so as to better utilize the heat than could be done without it.

Since perfect combustion of the oil and gas is effected with our burner a hotter and cleaner flame is produced than in other burners of this class, resulting in economy of oil and freedom from smoke and soot.

An advantageous feature of our construction is that of placing the burner orifices down near the oil pan, so that as soon as vapor or gas escapes from the orifices it will be ignited by the flame from the oil pan.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an oil burner, the combination with an oil pan and a central air heating and distributing dome having a circle of outlet holes in its wall, of a generating retort having a cylindrical extension resting in the pan around said dome to provide a mixing chamber between them and having a circle of outer holes for mixed air and gas, an oil distributer in the top of the retort having means for distributing divided streams of oil upon the inner surface of the wall of the retort, and an oil feed pipe extending up through the retort and communicating with the upper surface of the oil distributer.

2. The combination with an oil pan and a central air-heating and distributing dome having exterior spacing ribs, and air outlet holes, of a retort having an extension in the pan around said dome and having grooves in its lower edge for admitting oil to the pan and a series of outlet holes, the dome and retort extension being spaced apart by said ribs to form a gas and air-mixing chamber between them, an oil distributer in the top of the retort having means for distributing finely divided streams of oil upon the inner surface of the retort, and an oil feed pipe communicating with the top of the distributer.

3. The combination with an oil pan, a central air heating and distributing dome having outlet holes for a primary air supply, and a base extension below the oil pan having narrow air supply slots adjacent to the bottom of the oil pan for a secondary air supply, of a retort having a bottom extension in the pan, spaced from the dome to form a mixing chamber between them and having outlet holes for mixed gas and air, means in the top of the retort for distributing oil in small streams to the inner surface of the retort, and an oil feed pipe communicating with the top of the distributer.

4:. The combination with an oil pan, and a central air heater and distributer having outlet holes, of a retort having a bottom extension in said pan and spaced from the air distributer to form a gas and air mixing chamber between them and having outlet holes from said chamber, an oil distributer having a conical top provided with radial grooves connecting with the interior of the retort at the inner face of its wall, said distributer also having a central opening, and an oil feed pipe passing up through the air heater and retort and connecting with the oil distributer at its central opening. 7

5. In an oil burner, the combination with an oil pan, an air heater and distributer and a mixing chamber, of a retort resting in the oil pan and having outlet openings for mixed gas and air, and also having near the top an annular shoulder, an oil distributer resting on said shoulder and having a plurality of oil grooves in its upper face and periphery down to said shoulder, and an oil feed pipe communicating with the top of the distributer.

(3. In an oil burner, the combination with a bottom oil pan, an air heater and distributer having outlets, and a gas and air mixing chamber having outlets for mixed gas and air, of a generating retort having an oil distributer, an oil feed pipe therefor, and an annular flame spreader applied to the retort for spreading the flame and hot products toward the walls of a stove.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL C. I'IEMPHILL. HOWVARD V. WVELCI-I.

WVit-nesses as to the signature of Samuel C. Hemphill:

M. O. EBERHART, B. V. PARDEE. Witnesses as to the signature of Howard V. Welch:

Geo. E. MACK, Geo. H. HAUGEN.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

